The McPherson strut suspension is one of the most widely used front suspension architectures in passenger cars, crossovers and light commercial vehicles. Its simple layout combines a strut assembly, lower control arm, steering knuckle, coil spring, shock abso...

The Volkswagen Touareg is a premium mid-size luxury SUV, well-known for long-distance highway cruising and off-road capability. Its multi-link front and rear suspension delivers balanced ride comfort and handling performance. However, continuous load, tempera...